TL;DR: Vesta is the only visible-to-naked-eye asteroid and the second most massive body in the main belt. Dawn revealed a differentiated body with an iron core similar to terrestrial planets. HED meteorites
Vesta is the only visible-to-naked-eye asteroid and the second most massive body in the main belt. Dawn revealed a differentiated body with an iron core similar to terrestrial planets. HED meteorites (howardites, eucrites, diogenites) are confirmed fragments of Vesta.
Composition
Basaltic crust; iron-nickel core; pyroxene-rich surface; diogenite and eucrite
Orbit
2.36 AU (main belt), period 3.63 years
Mining Potential
Medium - differentiated body with metal core and silicate crust; Dawn data available
Mission
Dawn (orbited 2011-2012)