TL;DR: Olivine (Forsterite) is a main entry in the 外星矿物知识引擎 database.
Olivine is the most abundant mineral in the upper mantle of rocky bodies. On the Moon, it is found in mare basalts and deep crustal material. Asteroids like Ryugu and Bennu show olivine-rich compositions. Its magnesium content makes it valuable for in-situ construction and metal extraction.
Crystal System
Orthorhombic
Occurrence
Ubiquitous in lunar mare basalts and asteroid regolith; major component of chondritic meteorites
Significance
Source of magnesium and silicon for ISRU; potential for CO₂ mineralization on Earth; abundant on Moon and near-Earth asteroids
Source
NASA Lunar Sample Analysis, JAXA Hayabusa2